英语翻译In this chapter,salient performance aspects of the human in thecontext of a person-machine control system,the motor vehicle,will be summarized.The driver-vehicle system configuration isubiquitous.Practically all readers of this chapter ar

英语翻译In this chapter,salient performance aspects of the human in thecontext of a person-machine control system,the motor vehicle,will be summarized.The driver-vehicle system configuration isubiquitous.Practically all readers of this chapter ar
英语翻译
In this chapter,salient performance aspects of the human in the
context of a person-machine control system,the motor vehicle,
will be summarized.The driver-vehicle system configuration is
ubiquitous.Practically all readers of this chapter are also
participants in such a system; yet many questions,as will be
seen,remain to be answered in modeling the behavior of the
human component alone.Recent publications (IVHS 1992;
TRB 1993) in support of Intelligent Transportation Systems
(ITS) have identified study of "Plain Old Driving" (POD) as a
fundamental research topic in ITS.For the purposes of a
transportation engineer interested in developing a molecular
model of traffic flow in which the human in the vehicle or an
individual human-vehicle comprises a unit of analysis,some
important performance characteristics can be identified to aid in
the formulation,even if a comprehensive transfer function for the
driver has not yet been formulated.
This chapter will proceed to describe first the discrete
components of performance,largely centered around
neuromuscular and cognitive time lags that are fundamental
parameters in human performance.These topics include
perception-reaction time,control movement time,responses to
the presentation of traffic control devices,responses to the
movements of other vehicles,handling of hazards in the
roadway,and finally how different segments of the driving
population may differ in performance.
Next,the kind of control performance that underlies steering,
braking,and speed control (the primary control functions) will
be described.Much research has focused on the development of
adequate models of the tracking behavior fundamental to
steering,much less so for braking or for speed control

英语翻译In this chapter,salient performance aspects of the human in thecontext of a person-machine control system,the motor vehicle,will be summarized.The driver-vehicle system configuration isubiquitous.Practically all readers of this chapter ar
在这章中,人的显着表现方面在那
一个人- 机器控制系统的上下文 ,机动车辆,
将会被概述.驾驶者- 交通工具系统结构是
到处存在的.实际地这章的所有读者也是
一个如此系统的叁加者; 然而许多问题,当做将会是
看到,保持在靠模切行为方面被那
很孤独的人类成份.最近的出版 (IVHS 1992;
TRB 1993) 在聪明的运输系统的支持方面
(它的) 已经 "平原旧的驾驶"(荚 ) 识别研究当做一
在它的基本原理研究主题.为了一
对发展感兴趣的运输工程师一分子的
交通流量的模型在交通工具的人或一
个别的人- 交通工具包含一个单位的分析,一些
重要的表现特性可能被识别援助在
形成,即使一个包罗万象的移动功能为那
驾驶者仍未被制定.
这章将会着手进行首先描述那不连续的
表现的成份,在附近主要地集中
神经兴肌的和认知的时间基本的落后
人类的表现叁数.这些主题包括
知觉- 反应时间,控制运动时间,反应到
交通控制装置的发表,反应到那
其他的交通工具的运动,危险的操作在那
车道,和最后如何驾驶的不同片段
人口可能在表现中不一致.
下一个 ,位于掌舵之下的控制表现的类型,
刹,和速度控制 (主要的控制功能) 意志
被描述.很多的研究已经把重心集中在发展
追踪行为基本原理人的适当模型到
掌舵,更加比较不如此为刹或因为速度控制