英语翻译Most conveniently,polymers are generally subdivided in three categories,viz.,plastics,rubbers and fibers.In terms of initial elastic modulus,rubbers ranging generally between 10(6) to 10(7) dynes/cm²,represent the lower end of the sc

英语翻译Most conveniently,polymers are generally subdivided in three categories,viz.,plastics,rubbers and fibers.In terms of initial elastic modulus,rubbers ranging generally between 10(6) to 10(7) dynes/cm²,represent the lower end of the sc
英语翻译
Most conveniently,polymers are generally subdivided in three categories,viz.,plastics,rubbers and fibers.In terms of initial elastic modulus,rubbers ranging generally between 10(6) to 10(7) dynes/cm²,represent the lower end of the scale,while fibers with high initial moduli of 10(10) to 10(11) dynes/cm² are situated on the upper end of the scale; plastics,having generally an initial elastic modulus of 10(8) to 10(9) dynes/cm²,lie in-between.As is found in all phases of polymer chemistry,there are many exceptions to this categorization.
An elastomer (or rubber) results from a polymer having relatively weak interchain forces and high molecular weights.When the molecular chains are “straightened out” or stretched by a rocess of extension,they do not have sufficient attraction for each other to maintain the oriented state and will retract once the force is released.This is the basis of elastic behavior.
However,if the interchain forces are very great,a polymer will make a good fiber.Therefore,when the polymer is highly stretched,the oriented chain will come under the influence of the powerful attractive forces and will “crystallize” permanently in a more or less a material of high tensile strength and high initial modulus,i.e.,a fiber.Therefore,a potential fiber polymer will not become a fiber unless subjected to a “drawing” process,i.e.,a process resulting in a high degree of intermolecular orientation.

英语翻译Most conveniently,polymers are generally subdivided in three categories,viz.,plastics,rubbers and fibers.In terms of initial elastic modulus,rubbers ranging generally between 10(6) to 10(7) dynes/cm²,represent the lower end of the sc
简单的说,聚合物一般分为三类,塑料、橡胶、纤维.按起始弹性模量分类,橡胶的是10(6) to 10(7) dynes/cm²,弹性最小；纤维 10(10) to 10(11) dynes/cm²,弹性最大；塑料 10(8) to 10(9) dynes/cm²,弹性居中.象所有聚合物化学领域一样,这一分类有许多例外.
由聚合物生成的人造橡胶,其分子链间的作用力较小,而分子量较大.当它的分子链被拉伸时,这些分子链之间没有足够的引力维持被拉伸后的状态,因此当外力消失后就回缩了.这就是弹性原理.
（待续）

最方便地, 聚合物一般被细分在三个类别, 即, 塑料、橡胶和纤维。根据最初的有弹性模数, 橡胶一般排列在之间10(6) 到10(7) dynes/cm., 代表标度的末端, 当纤维与高的最初的模数10(10) 到10(11) dynes/cm. 位于在标度的上端; 塑料, 一般有一个最初的有弹性模数10(8) 到10(9) dynes/cm., 之间说谎。象被发现在所有阶段聚合物化学内, 有许多例...

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最方便地, 聚合物一般被细分在三个类别, 即, 塑料、橡胶和纤维。根据最初的有弹性模数, 橡胶一般排列在之间10(6) 到10(7) dynes/cm., 代表标度的末端, 当纤维与高的最初的模数10(10) 到10(11) dynes/cm. 位于在标度的上端; 塑料, 一般有一个最初的有弹性模数10(8) 到10(9) dynes/cm., 之间说谎。象被发现在所有阶段聚合物化学内, 有许多例外对这范畴。 弹性体(或橡胶) 起因于聚合物有相对地微弱的interchain 力量和高分子重量。当分子链子"被调直外面" 或由舒展引伸rocess, 他们没有充足的吸引力使彼此维护针对的状态, 将缩回一旦力量被发布。这是有弹性行为的依据。 但是, 如果interchain 力量是非常伟大的, 聚合物将做好纤维。所以, 当聚合物高度被舒展, 针对的链子将受到强有力的吸引力的影响并且意志"结晶" 永久地在或多或少高抗拉强度和高的最初的模数, 即, 纤维材料。所以, 一个潜在的纤维聚合物不会成为纤维除非服从对"图画" 过程, 即, 过程造成高度分子间的取向。

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